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Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 62(3): 47-52, 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-440537

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) es un padecimiento multifactorial, con incidencia y prevalencia crecientes, por lo que se considera un problema de salud pública. OBJETIVOS: Conocer la prevalencia de HTA en niños de 6 a 12 años, en la ciudad de Cipolletti. Comprobar si existen diferencias en cuanto a sexo y edad. Institucionalizar la toma de Tensión Arterial (TA) como parte del examen físico de rutina en el control del niño. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El estudio fue de tipo corte transversal, a partir de una muestra de 1038 alumnos con edades comprendidas entre 6 y 12 años, pertenecientes a 7 establecimientos públicos de la ciudad de Cipolletti. Se utilizó esfingomanómetro mercurial y brazaletes de 7.5 x 15 cm. y de 12 x 22 cm.. Se empleó el método auscultatorio en fase 1 y V de Korotkoff. Se siguieron las recomendaciones de la Second Task Force for Blood Pressure in Children. La toma de la TA se realizó en tres visitas, en cada una de ellas se identificó aquellos alumnos que se encontraban en valores iguales o mayores a los establecidos para hipertensión: Niños:115/75 mmHg (6-8 años); 118/79 mmHg(9-1O) y 122/80 mmHg (11-12). Niñas: 113/74 mmHg (6-8 años); 118/77 mmHg (9-10) y 122/79 mmHg (1112). RESULTADOS: La prevalencia HTA es del 3.37%. Siendo más frecuente en el rango de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 8 años, correspondiendo a un 74.29% de los hipertensos. Las medias de TA para el grupo de hipertensos son: a) varones: 122.92 mmHg:!:: 4.1l/78.43 mmHg:!:: 5.19; b) mujeres: 123.63 mmHg :!:: 7.43/ 80.22 mmHg :!:: 2. No existen diferencias significativas al nivel del 5% (á = 0.05) entre sexos. A 597 (58%) estudiantes nunca se les había tomado la tensión arterial. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de HTA en Cipolletti es similar a las estadísticas internacionales. Hay un número de niños hipertensos que no se detectan en la consulta debido a la falta de institucionalización de la toma de la tensión arterial.


INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is a multifactorial disease, with increasingly incidence and prevalence, that is why it is considered a public health issue. OBJECTNES: To know the prevalence of hypertension in children from 6 to 12 years old, in Cipolletti city. To check if there are differences as regards sex and age. To institutionalizalice blood pressure measurement as part of the rutinary physical examination in the control of a child. METHODS AND MATERlALS: This was a cross sectional study. Blood pressure readings were obtained from 1038 students aged between 6 and 12 years old; who belong to 7 public schools of Cipolletti. Mercury sphyngomanometer and cuffs of 7.5 per 15 cm and 12 per 22 cm were used. The auscultatory method was used in phase 1 and V of Korotkoff. The second Task Force recommendations for blood pressure in children were followed. Blood pressure readings were obtained in 3 visits. Those students who had blood pressure measurement iqual to or higher than those established for hypertension were identified during each visit: boys 115/ 75 mmHg (6-8 years) 118/79 mmHg (9-10 years) and 122/80 mmHg (11-12 years) ; girls 113/74 mmHg ( 6-8 years) 118/79 mmHg ( 9-10 years) and 122/79 mmHg (11-12). RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension is 3.37%, being more frequent in the range of ages that go from between 6 to 8 years, which corresponds to a 74.29% of the hypertensed children. The hypertense group measurements of blood pressure are: a)Boys: 122.92 mmHg :!: 4.11/78.43mmHg :!: 5.19; b)Girls: 123.63 mmHg:!: 7.43/80.22mmHg:!: 2. There were not significant differences between sexes at the 5% (a=0.05) level!. The blood pressure has never been measurered to 597 students (58%). CONCLUTIONS: The prevalence of hypertension in Cipolletti is similar to international statistics. There is a number of children with hypertension that is not detected during medical examination due to lack of blood pressure measurement institutionalization.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Child Welfare/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/epidemiology , Age Factors , Argentina/epidemiology , Blood Pressure , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hypertension/diagnosis , Prevalence , Sex Factors
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